A moment of truth
نویسندگان
چکیده
Puberty is a complex transition that involves dramatic changes in several domains of human development including biological, physical, psychological, and social [1]. Individual variations in the timing of puberty may influence the adoption of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, compare to those who mature on-time or late, adolescents who mature early are at a higher risk of exposure to several psychological, social, and health disadvantages [2]. For instance, girls who experience puberty earlier than their counterparts are more susceptible to adverse health behavior such as earlier alcohol use [3], cigarette smoking [4], and eating disorder [5]. Furthermore, evidence suggests that early timing of puberty among girls is also associated with decline in physical activity (PA) [6], and an increased time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) [7]. Only a few studies have examined the relationship between puberty and body mass index (BMI) among boys by using different measures (e.g., voice break, age at onset of pubertal growth spurt, peak height velocity (PHV), public hair growth, testicular volume, and/or penis length), the results have been inconsistent [8]. However, a recent study examining the trend of age at spermarche and its association with BMI among Chinese school boys found that a higher BMI or BMI-for-age z-score was associated with an increased likelihood of having reached spermarche, indicating the overlapping trend of earlier age at spermarche and increase in BMI over the past 15 years among Chinese boys [9]. While much of the research is conducted in the European and North American contexts, studies among Korean adolescents are limited. In Korea, health care costs associated with precocious puberty (i.e., the onset of signs of puberty before age 7-8 in girls and age 9 for boys) have increased remarkably for the past decade. A total cost of health care for precocious puberty was approximately 2.3 million US dollars in 2006 and 17.9 million US dollars in 2010 [10]. This trend overlaps with the increasing trend of childhood obesity in Korea, which the prevalence doubled from 5.4% in1998 to 10.8% 2008 [11]. Greater understanding of the associations between pubertal timing, PA, and SB, independent of weight status among Korean adolescents may
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016